Experts say that the content of nicotine in tomatoes is very small and it is incomparable with cigarettes. Many solanaceous plants contain nicotine, such as eggplant, peppers, potatoes, and oysters. But is it really terrible?
Nicotine is a highly toxic ingredient. The science book reads that a horse that is alive and kicking can be killed by intravenous injection of 8 drops of nicotine. The nicotine contained in a cigarette is extracted and injected into the body of the animal to make it die. The taste of cigarettes will keep animals and insects away because they intuitively know that tobacco is toxic. However, nicotine is also a strong addictive ingredient. Smokers are so obsessed with smoke, mainly because of it. It is exciting and calm. It increases blood pressure and is harmful to the cardiovascular system.
Some scholars have determined the content of nicotine in foods and found that the nicotine content in potato peels can be as high as 14.80 mg/kg in terms of dry weight, while the content in peeled potatoes is lower than the detection limit (1 mg/kg). The average content of tomato fruit was 2.31 mg/kg, eggplant was 2.65 mg/kg, and green pepper was 3.15 mg/kg. The number of nicotine in tomatoes does not seem to be low, but since the data is calculated on a dry weight basis, and the tomato water content is as high as nearly 95%, the actual content is divided by 20, ie 0.12 mg/kg. After the processed and cooked tomato products and potato products, the nicotine content was below the limit of detection and was basically negligible.
According to toxicological data, the median lethal dose of nicotine to the human body is 0.5-0.1 mg/kg, which is calculated according to its lower limit of 0.1. People with 50 kg of body weight need to consume 5 mg to be life-threatening. To eat 5mg of nicotine, you need to eat nearly 50kg of tomatoes. The amount of peeled potatoes is even lower. Even if the skin is eaten with potatoes, because the proportion of skin is very low, the average content is still very low. So, worrying about the poisoning of nicotine caused by eating tomatoes and potatoes is really worrying.
Even if the content is low, some people will always worry about "What if a small amount of toxic substances accumulate over a long period of time?" In fact, there is no need to worry, because the metabolic degradation of nicotine in the human body is very fast. Otherwise, there is no way to understand why smokers inhale so much smoke every day. If the daily smoking of nicotine is extracted and injected intravenously, the quantity far exceeds the lethal dose and can survive for several decades. It is precisely because nicotine is a small intake, and then quickly detoxification metabolism.
Recent studies have shown that some mushrooms have higher nicotine content. The research data received by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) show that the concentration of nicotine in wild mushrooms such as boletus and truffle is as high as 0.5 mg/kg. However, further studies have found that nicotine is a natural metabolite of the fungus itself and is not a contamination residue of the nicotine insecticide. Given the small daily intake of fungi, nicotine is unlikely to pose a threat to human health.
There is exactly one new study that can completely discourage people's concerns about the nicotine problem in tomatoes. Research shows that tomato juice has a protective effect on baby animals when they are exposed to second-hand smoke during pregnancy and lactation. At 42 days of birth, receiving a 1 mg/kg BW dose of nicotine, the lung capacity and alveolar thickness of neonatal mice will be significantly reduced. If tomato juice is eaten at the same time, this adverse effect will be eliminated. Contaminated animals reached the same level.
According to the dose of tomato juice used in this study, only about 1 cup of half tomato juice (about 375 ml) needed to be consumed each day was enough to provide enough lycopene to protect a pregnant adult woman weighing 60 kg. Therefore, tomato not only does not bring about nicotine harm, but it can protect people and reduce the risk of tobacco poisoning!
Therefore, when you hear that a food contains certain toxic substances, do not panic immediately. To ask a few questions first:
1. How high is this toxic substance content? Can it produce significant levels of harmful effects? If the content is very low, basically no need to worry. Toxic substances in the world are omnipresent, and the key is the dose. Even if it is arsenic, it will not be poisoned if it is eaten enough, and it can even cure the disease.
2. How many foods contain this toxic substance, how much does it eat each day? Is it often eaten? If the amount eaten is very small, or if it is not eaten on weekdays, the possibility of being poisoned by it will be small, such as eating for a year in barbecue. Several times are fine, and eating often is worrying.
3. Is this toxic substance decomposed during cooking and processing? If it is easily decomposed and dissolved, there is less worry. For example, although beans contain toxins, they are no longer a threat to health when cooked.
4. Will this toxic substance accumulate in the body for a long period of time, or will it be quickly decomposed and eliminated? If it does not accumulate in the body, it will not be poisoned once and it will never need to worry about it in the future.
5. Does this food contain toxic substances and other beneficial ingredients? If the content of beneficial ingredients is very low and the nutritional value is poor, then it must be kept away from it; if it contains a large amount of health ingredients in addition to trace toxicants, The effect is to promote health. For example, tomato has been proven to help prevent cancer and cardiovascular disease. Why should it be rejected because of the small drug?
6, in addition to this food, what other food you eat? Even if a diet contains trace amounts of toxins, if you can match a large number of useful foods to ensure the overall dietary health, do not have to worry too much. For example, while eating barbecued meat, it also cooperates with a large number of vegetables, fruits, and potatoes to partially eliminate the influence of carcinogens in barbecues.
7. Is your overall lifestyle healthy? Active exercise, happiness, nutritional balance, and fresh air can all increase your ability to deal with toxic substances!
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