Freshwater turtles are omnivorous animals with a broad diet, capable of consuming both aquatic and terrestrial plants. The Changjiang Fisheries Research Institute has conducted experiments using Nile tilapia compound feed, which contains approximately 25% protein, to raise these turtles, achieving a feed conversion ratio of around 2. In a second breeding trial, the primary feed consisted of plant-based materials such as soybean meal and rapeseed cake, with fishmeal and bran added in small amounts to supplement the protein content, bringing it up to about 27%.
One notable characteristic of freshwater turtles is their ability to survive in low dissolved oxygen conditions, commonly found in ponds where species like oysters and clams are also present. This resilience is not only due to their tolerance for hypoxia but also because they typically inhabit the lower and middle layers of the water body. Observations from greenhouses and fish ponds show that these turtles rarely feed at the water surface; instead, they tend to consume food that sinks to the lower levels. As a result, aquaculturists should be advised to use sinking pellet feeds rather than floating ones, as the former are more effective for freshwater turtles. Floating feeds are less suitable and may lead to inefficient feeding behavior.
Additionally, understanding the natural feeding habits of these turtles can help improve feeding efficiency and overall health in farming systems. By providing appropriately formulated sinking feeds, farmers can ensure better nutrient intake and growth rates, ultimately leading to more successful and sustainable turtle farming practices.
The raw materials of hangover health foods mainly include a variety of natural ingredients, which are believed to help accelerate the metabolism of alcohol, reduce the symptoms of drunkenness or protect liver health. The following are some common ingredients of hangover health foods:
Pueraria root: Pueraria root is widely used in hangover health foods. It contains a variety of ingredients that are beneficial to the human body, such as isoflavones and saponins, which can promote the liver's metabolism of alcohol and reduce the burden of alcohol on the liver12.
Hawthorn: Hawthorn contains a variety of organic acids such as hawthorn acid, which can promote meat digestion, help cholesterol conversion, and also help to sober up2.
Malt: Malt contains active ingredients such as invertase and vitamin B, which has the effects of promoting qi and digestion, strengthening the spleen and appetizing, and helps to reduce the damage of alcohol to the stomach2.
Mulberry: Mulberry has the effects of nourishing yin and blood, promoting body fluid and moistening the intestines. Fresh mulberry juice can be taken to sober up2.
Kudzu flower : Kudzu flower has the effect of sobering up and invigorating the spleen. It is mainly used for situations where excessive drinking damages the stomach qi, such as headache, dizziness, thirst, chest fullness, vomiting of acid water, etc. 2.
Honey : Honey can sober up quickly and is very effective in relieving headaches after being drunk. At the same time, honey also has the effect of protecting the gastric mucosa and relieving alcohol absorption 34.
White radish : White radish can sober up, and its juice or white radish rock sugar water can help sober up and relieve discomfort after drinking 34.
Celery : Celery juice or celery juice squeezed with snow pears is effective for symptoms such as headaches, brain swelling, and flushing after drinking 34.
These raw materials are usually made into various forms of health foods, such as drinks, candies, etc., to help relieve the discomfort caused by drinking and protect liver health.
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