Black rot of cabbage is generally more serious in the middle to late September to mid-October each year, and vegetable farmers should pay attention to prevention and control.
Black rot is a disease caused by bacteria. It mainly affects the leaves of the cabbage, but also the leaves or bulbs. Brassica oleracea can occur during each growth period. The incidence of seedlings, cotyledons were water-like, the seedlings from the top of the edge of the edge of the depression began to darken, with the veins as the center of expansion, gradually withered down the cotyledon. When the leaves become sick, the new leaves turn black and the seedlings die. If it does not die, only the unaffected areas grow and become deformed. Old mature leaves, leaf margin was "V" shaped or non-normal round turned yellow, then turned brown, lesions with yellow halo around the edges, local veins brown or purple black, showing a clear veins, the victim gradually Thin after drying and necrosis. When the cabbage ball is attacked, a pale black spot develops on the leaf ball, and the local vein turns black and black and gradually expands, but it does not soften and corrupt. When the rhizomes are invaded, the ducts become black and corrupt, and empty holes are formed in the roots. Cut open bulbs, it can be seen that the vascular bundles all become black or rot, but not stinky, different from cabbage soft rot. However, it is often mixed with soft rot. It is a common devastating disease of cabbage and can cause large areas of cabbage to die or even to close.
Prevention:
1. Infected plots and non-cruciferous vegetables, pumpkins, watermelons, beans, peppers, tomatoes, sweet glutinous maize, etc. are carried out for 3-4 years to reduce the occurrence of diseases.
2. From the source, use the disease-free zone to retain seed or the disease-free strain to pick seeds, and use disease-resistant varieties or seeds for disinfection. Before sowing, it can be soaked in warm water at 50°C for 20 minutes, or soaked with 600-1200 times of 60% carbendazim. After the seeds are treated, fresh water is floated for 4-5 times and dried for broadcast.
3. Use disease-free soil plugs or nutritious soil blocks to raise seedlings, cultivate disease-free strong seedlings, use mulching film to cover planting, and remove sick and weak seedlings before planting. Immediately after the harvest and after harvest, the diseased plants are removed and buried deeply to prevent the spread of pathogenic bacteria.
4. To strengthen the cultivation and management, timely sowing, appropriate seedlings, to avoid excessive drought, too much time, and timely control of underground pests. At the early stage of disease, the diseased seedlings were removed in a timely manner. In the early stages of disease development, 72% of agricultural streptomycin sulfate soluble powder or water solution was sprayed at 3000 times, and sprayed once every 7 days for continuous prevention and control.
5. Practice 2-3 times of cultivating loose soil on the cabbage plots to promote root development. Control the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied, increase potassium fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer, and appropriately increase calcium fertilizer, magnesium fertilizer, etc. to enhance the disease resistance.
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