About the method of prevention and treatment of peach borer

This insect is commonly known as the "Peach Borer" or "Peach Fruit Borer." The larvae primarily feed on a variety of fruits, including peaches, pears, apples, jujubes, and hawthorns. As they consume the fruit, it becomes deformed and filled with frass, which is often referred to as "hericium" or "red bean paste" due to its texture and appearance. Due to its wide distribution and high infestation rates, this pest causes significant damage to fruit trees, making it one of the most important pests in orchards. **Life Cycle:** The peach borer typically has 1–2 generations per year. Overwintering larvae begin to emerge at the end of April and early May. After rainfall, most of the larvae come to the surface. By mid-May to early June, the majority of the larvae are fully unearthed and remain active for over a month. The peak activity period lasts about 9–15 days. Adults start to emerge in late May, and females lay eggs 2–3 days after emerging. Egg-laying occurs mainly between June and mid-June, with an egg-to-hatching period of around 6–7 days. Once the larvae penetrate the fruit, the damage lasts approximately 20 days. By late June, the mature larvae exit the fruit and burrow into the soil. In mid to early July, fruit loss becomes noticeable. Some larvae return to the soil and are plowed under for the second generation, while others prepare to overwinter. The first generation of adults appears in early July, with peak activity from late July to early August. In early August, larvae begin to leave the fruit and continue until early October, with the highest activity between late August and early September. After completing their development, they enter the soil for winter dormancy. **Prevention and Control Methods:** To effectively manage the peach borer, an integrated approach combining underground and tree-level control, along with chemical and manual methods, is recommended. Controlling this pest is essential for improving fruit quality and yield. **(1) Underground Control:** During the overwintering period, apply 25% parathion microcapsules or 25% phoxim microcapsules on the soil surface at a rate of 250 grams per acre, mixed with 25–50 kg of water. Make sure to clear weeds before application, and after spraying, till the soil again to enhance effectiveness. A second treatment should be carried out 20 days later using the same method. Alternatively, 2.5% cypermethrin or 20% chlorpyrifos EC can be used at 0.3–0.5 kg per acre, which also shows good results but has a shorter duration of action. **(2) Tree-Level Control:** Control should be initiated when 1% of the fruit shows signs of eggs or at the early hatching stage. Apply 50% trichlorfon emulsion diluted 1000 times, or 2.5% deltamethrin diluted 2000–3000 times, or 20% permethrin emulsion diluted 2000–3000 times, or 2.5% fenpropathrin emulsion diluted 2000 times. **(3) Manual Control:** In orchards where conditions allow, protect the fruit during adult egg-laying periods. During larval damage periods, manually remove larvae and collect them to reduce pest populations in the field. **(4) Pheromone Trapping:** Use sex pheromones to attract and trap male adults, helping to monitor and reduce population levels effectively.

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