Taipu Hairy Crab is a subspecies of the Japanese velvet crab, commonly known as hairy crabs, stone crabs, or simply crabs. These crabs are mainly found in the Nanliujiang and Qinjiang River basins in Guangxi. Hepu County is unique because it's the only place where the Nanliujiang River flows into the sea, making it rich in hairy crab resources. Su Xixi, a farmer from Dali Village in Dangjiang Township, Hepu County, began crab farming in 1996 and became one of the most successful farmers in the area.
In 1997, he harvested 160 kilograms of crabs at 100 yuan per kilogram, earning a profit of 10,000 yuan. The following year, he managed to harvest 180 kilograms with a profit of 11,000 yuan. In the first half of 1999, with strong support from the township government, Su invested 40,000 yuan to build a 6-mu pond, significantly expanding his breeding scale. That year, he harvested 120 kilograms of marketable crabs, earning over 6,000 yuan. Later, he achieved a record harvest of 585 kilograms, generating a profit of 21,000 yuan.
Su Xixi’s key technical experience in raising Taipu Hairy Crabs includes:
1. **Site Selection and Pond Construction**: Dangjiang Town is located at the mouth of the Nanliujiang River, offering abundant natural resources for crabs. Su built his pond near a tributary of the river, ensuring a fresh water supply and a muddy bottom. The entrance and exit of the pond were placed opposite each other, with a metal mesh fence installed to prevent escape and predation. To further prevent crabs from escaping, he constructed a 1-meter-high wall around the pond using bricks, with a 20-centimeter-wide glass strip along the top and cemented interior walls for durability.
2. **Pond Disinfection**: Before stocking, the pond was drained, cleaned, and left exposed for several days. Then, 75–100 kg of lime was applied to disinfect the pond, killing harmful organisms and ensuring a healthy environment for the crabs.
3. **Aquatic Plant Cultivation**: More than one-third of the pond area was planted with aquatic plants such as water hyacinth, duckweed, and water peanuts. These provided shelter, shade, and food, improving water quality and promoting better growth and survival rates.
4. **Crab Seedling Selection**: Most seedlings were naturally sourced from the Nanliujiang River. Su preferred local seedlings due to their adaptability and high survival rate. He selected healthy crabs with intact limbs and avoided those that were injured or sick. The stocking density was 2,500–3,500 per mu, with sizes ranging from 60–100 per kilogram. After 3–4 months, they could be sold at 65–90 grams per piece.
5. **Water Quality Management**: Clean, fresh water with good circulation and adequate dissolved oxygen was essential. Water was regularly replaced, especially during hot summer months, keeping the depth above 1 meter to maintain stable conditions.
6. **Feeding Practices**: As omnivores, crabs were fed mainly animal-based foods like snails, small fish, and clams, supplemented with plant materials such as bean cake and rice bran. Feeding occurred once or twice daily, with about 10% of their body weight given each time. Chitin-rich feed and lime were also used to promote shell development.
7. **Disease Prevention**: Every 10 days, the pond was treated with lime water (10–20 mg/L) or formalin (5–10 mg/L). Terramycin was added to the feed to boost disease resistance and ensure healthy growth.
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