Song Qingjun, a professional blue fox breeder from Heshan Farm, initially purchased 14 blue foxes and successfully expanded his breeding operation to over 150 within a year. His breeding results were remarkable, with an average litter size exceeding 10, which was 40% higher than that of local mother foxes. The breeding rate, fertility rate, birth rate, survival rate, and economic benefits all reached optimal levels. Thanks to the high quality and purity of his blue foxes, both the animals and their pelts became highly popular in the market. His successful breeding experience is now being shared with other fox farmers for reference.
First, the introduction of high-quality breeds. Song Qingjun carefully selected both male and female foxes, sourcing them from the Jilin Zuojia Zhen Institute of Special Animals, part of the China Academy of Agricultural Sciences. He also imported blue foxes from the United States, known for their large size, long fur, adaptability, fast growth, and strong disease resistance. By the end of the year, he conducted strict selection, eliminating inferior individuals and retaining only the best stock. Inbreeding was avoided to ensure the purity and quality of the breed.
Second, timely and effective breeding management. Blue foxes have only one breeding season per year, which requires precise timing and high technical expertise. To maximize breeding success, Song Qingjun focused on the main estrus period, typically from early March to late April. He closely monitored the ovulation cycle of the females and ensured they were bred with the most suitable males. Natural mating was combined with forced mating techniques, using single, double, and multiple matings to increase the chances of successful reproduction. Breeding was carried out between 6:00–8:00 AM and 5:00–8:00 PM. Male foxes were well-fed with nutrient-rich animal-based feeds, including one cooked egg and three to four mature chickens daily. They were also given enough exercise and rest. All necessary preparations were made before breeding, and detailed records were kept to avoid inbreeding.
Third, proper nursery management. During different stages—heat, breeding, pregnancy, and whelping—Song Qingjun adjusted the diet accordingly. Fresh fish, chicken, eggs, and other animal-based feeds made up 50–60% of the diet, while plant-based feeds like cornmeal, wheat bran, and soybean cake accounted for 40–60%. A special mix included 75% maize noodles, 10% wheat bran, and 15% cakes. Vitamins and fresh fruits and vegetables were added at 5–10% each. To enhance milk production, mother foxes were fed one egg, two small chickens, 80 grams of fresh goat milk, and 100 grams of fresh chicken liver daily. They were fed porridge-like meals. During the birthing period, feeding was done 3–4 times a day. After weaning, young foxes were introduced to easily digestible, nutrient-rich foods such as meat, eggs, and vegetables, along with plenty of clean water.
Fourth, disease prevention and control. Song Qingjun followed a proactive approach, combining prevention and treatment. He vaccinated male and female foxes in January and July each year to prevent diseases like canine distemper, viral enteritis, and encephalitis. He closely observed the health of the animals and treated common illnesses such as abdominal issues, enteritis, and pneumonia promptly. After the foxes were separated, they received one vaccine and one deworming treatment. Hygiene was strictly maintained—cages were cleaned regularly, feces were removed immediately, and the environment was kept clean. In summer, proper cooling measures were taken to ensure the comfort of the foxes.
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