Song Qingjun, a professional blue fox breeder from Heshan Farm, started with 14 blue foxes and successfully expanded his breeding stock to over 150 within a year. His breeding results were remarkable, with an average litter size exceeding 10, which was 40% higher than the average of local mother foxes. The breeding rate, fertility rate, birth rate, survival rate, and economic benefits all reached optimal levels. Due to the high quality and purity of his blue foxes, both the animals and their furs became highly sought after in the market. His successful breeding techniques have now been shared with other fox farmers for reference.
First, the introduction of high-quality breeds. Song Qingjun sourced his male and female foxes from the Jilin Zuojia Zhen Institute of Special Animals, part of the China Academy of Agricultural Sciences. He also imported blue foxes from the United States, known for their large size, long fur, strong adaptability, fast growth, and disease resistance. By the end of the year, he carefully selected only the best individuals, eliminating inferior ones and ensuring no inbreeding to maintain the purity and quality of the breed.
Second, timely and effective breeding management. Blue foxes breed only once a year, and the breeding season is short with high technical demands. To maximize success, Song Qingjun focused on the main estrus period between early March and late April. He strictly controlled the ovulation of female foxes and ensured that they were mated with the best available males. He used natural mating combined with forced mating, employing single, double, and multiple matings to increase the chances of successful reproduction. This process was repeated 4 to 5 times until the female refused further mating. Breeding was scheduled between 6:00–8:00 AM and 5:00–8:00 PM. Male foxes were fed nutrient-rich diets, including one cooked egg and 3–4 mature chickens daily, along with sufficient exercise and rest. All pre-breeding preparations were carefully documented to avoid inbreeding.
Third, proper nursery management. During different stages—estrus, pregnancy, birthing, and nursing—Song Qingjun adjusted the diet accordingly. Fresh small fish, pig offal, chicken, and eggs made up 50–60% of the feed, while plant-based foods like cornmeal, wheat bran, and soybean cake accounted for 40–60%. He added 5–10% vitamins and fresh fruits and vegetables to ensure balanced nutrition. To improve milk production, the mother foxes were given one egg, two small chickens, 80 grams of fresh goat milk, and 100 grams of fresh chicken liver daily. During the farrowing period, the foxes were fed 3–4 times a day. After weaning, young foxes were introduced to easily digestible, nutrient-rich feeds such as meat, eggs, chicken liver, fish, and vegetables, with constant access to clean water.
Fourth, strict disease prevention measures. Song Qingjun followed a preventive approach, focusing on early detection and control. Highly contagious diseases like canine distemper, viral enteritis, and encephalitis required regular vaccinations. He administered vaccines in January and July each year. He closely monitored the health of both male and female foxes, treating common illnesses like enteritis, pneumonia, and digestive issues promptly. After the foxes were separated, they received one vaccination and one deworming treatment. Cleanliness was also a priority—he regularly cleaned cages, removed feces, and ensured good ventilation. In summer, he took extra steps to keep the foxes cool and comfortable.
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