December is the month with the least daylight of the year, characterized by stronger winds and colder temperatures. Effective management should focus on monitoring crop conditions and adjusting insulation based on weather changes. It’s important to remove coverings early in the morning and re-cover them in the afternoon as soon as possible, while minimizing ventilation during midday. Aim to maintain at least 6 to 8 hours of light exposure and keep the ground temperature above 16°C to support the healthy growth of overwintering crops like tomatoes, cucumbers, and peppers.
For weak or late-planted crops, apply Yunda 120 + Jinchunbao foliar fertilizer every 5 to 7 days, either alone or combined with other sprays to promote growth. Additionally, it's crucial to manage humidity, fog, rain, and snow. As soon as the weather permits, expose the grass cover to sunlight. Whenever possible, allow more light into the greenhouse—especially on sunny days. The minimum temperature inside the shed should not drop below 8°C to 10°C. If the temperature gets too low, cover the plants with lids during noon and provide limited ventilation. Use shade nets to prevent intense sunlight from damaging young seedlings.
Disease prevention is essential during this time. As temperatures drop, reduced ventilation leads to higher humidity, increasing the risk of diseases such as cucumber downy mildew, gray mold, bacterial angular spot, tomato late blight, leaf mold, pepper gray mold, and leaf spot. To manage these, water carefully—opt for small, warm water applications after a sunny day. Keep daytime temperatures between 28°C and 30°C before ventilating to help reduce humidity and raise temperatures. For treatment, use broad-spectrum fungicides like 50% Anke diluted 1500 times or 43% Haolik diluted 4000 times. Alternatives include Yunda 120 + 2000 diluted 1000 times, agricultural streptomycin at 1200X, or Chlorothalonil aerosol. Spray every 5 to 7 days, or use smoke fumigation once a week. Rotate different pesticides to enhance effectiveness.
In terms of sowing, energy-saving solar greenhouses can plant two batches of loquat in early December. Suitable varieties include Shuangfeng, Lulong, and Thai Acne. For beans, consider Liang 906, Fufeng, and Zhizhuang 28-2. Mid-season cucumber varieties like Jinlu 3, Shengfeng 3, and Jinyou 30 are recommended. For eggplants, Jinghu No. 1, No. 3, and French fiber hand are good choices. After the harvest, consider Century Flour Star, L402, Paul Crown, and Gold Shed. For peppers, varieties such as Jin Green 21 (corn pepper), 9785, Chaoyan 15, and Sujiao 5 work well.
During winter, small sheds should be covered with multiple layers of plastic or equipped with electric heating lines to maintain warmth. To boost seed vigor, soak seeds in Jinfulai diluted 50 to 100 times for 1 to 2 hours, which helps improve their resistance to cold and enhances overall resilience.
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